Kwimizi-mveliso enobushushu obuphezulu obunje ngentsimbi, isamente, iglasi, kunye nokunyibilikiswa kwesinyithi esingeyoyoni, izixhobo ezingundoqo ezifana neziko lemizi-mveliso, iileyile, kunye nee-tundishes zinyamezela ukuvezwa ixesha elide kubushushu obugqithisileyo, umhlwa, kunye nokurhawuka. Ukuzinza kwee-linings zabo kubeka ngokuthe ngqo ubomi besixhobo, ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso, kunye nemida yokhuseleko. Itekhnoloji yokulungisa isitshizi sokutshiza isebenza njengenkqubo ebalulekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwezo zixhobo, ngeumatshini wokudubula we-refractoryukuba sisixhobo esingundoqo sokuphumeza obu buchwepheshe.

I. Yintoni ukudubula kwe-refractory?

Ukulungiswa kwesitshizi esichasayo bubuchule bokwakha obukhethekileyo bezinto ezichasayo. Umthetho-siseko wayo ongundoqo ubandakanya ukusetyenziswa ngokufanayo kwemathiriyeli ephikisayo (efana nezinto ezityhidiweyo okanye udaka lwe-refractory) kwiindawo zoqhagamshelwano ezinobushushu obuphezulu bezixhobo zoshishino ngokutshiza ngoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ngokungafaniyo neendlela zokusetyenziswa kwezandla zemveli, obu buchwephesha busebenzisa amandla oxinzelelo oluphezulu ukwenza ijethi yesantya esiphezulu semathiriyeli ephikisayo. Oku kuvumela ukunamathela ngokukhawuleza kunye nokuqinileyo kwindawo ye-lining surface, ukudala umaleko okhuselekileyo okhuselekileyo. Injongo yayo ephambili kukumelana nokukhukuliseka kobushushu obuphezulu, ukubola kweekhemikhali, kunye ne-abrasion yezinto eziphathekayo, ngelixa kulungiswa ngokukhawuleza okanye ukuqinisa iileyili ezonakalisiweyo. Oku kwandisa ixesha lokuphila kwesixhobo kwaye kuthintele ukuphazamiseka kwemveliso okubangelwa kukusilela kocingo.

II. Yintoni umatshini wokudubula wefractory?

Umatshini wokutshiza we-refractory sisixhobo esikhethekileyo semizi-mveliso eyenzelwe iinkqubo zokutshiza, esebenza njengojongano oluphambili phakathi kwezinto eziphikisayo kunye neendawo zokwakha. Ngokwesakhiwo, iquka amacandelo abalulekileyo aquka inkqubo yokutya, inkqubo yoxinzelelo, isibhamu sokutshiza, kunye nenkqubo yokulawula: Inkqubo yokutya iqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa okuzinzile kwezinto eziphikisayo (i-powder eyomileyo okanye i-slurry emanzi) kwinqanaba loxinzelelo; Inkqubo yoxinzelelo ivelisa amandla oxinzelelo oluphezulu ngokusebenzisa i-pneumatic okanye i-hydraulic drive, inika amandla e-kinetic wokutshiza izinto; umpu wokutshiza ulawula indlela, izinga lokuqukuqela, kunye noluhlu lokusasazwa kwezinto; inkqubo yokulawula yenza uhlengahlengiso lweparameter kunye nolawulo oluchanekileyo kuyo yonke inkqubo yokwakha.

Oomatshini bokudubula abaRefractory babonelela ngezinto eziluncedo ezifana nolwakhiwo oluphezulu, ukusetyenziswa okubanzi, kunye nomgangatho wokwakha ozinzileyo. Zifaneleke ngokukodwa ukulungiswa kwe-site yee-kilns ezinkulu, ukwakhiwa okukhuselekileyo kwiindawo ezingaqhelekanga, kunye nokulungiswa okungxamisekileyo.

III. Usetyenziselwa ntoni umatshini wokudubula we-refractory?

Oomatshini bokudubula abaRefractoryzigxininise kakhulu kwizicelo zemizi-mveliso ezinobushushu obuphezulu, ngokuyintloko zijolise ekukhuselweni kwe-lining kunye nokulungiswa kwezixhobo ezahlukeneyo zobushushu obuphezulu. Ezi zicelo zingahlelwa ngokwemilinganiselo emibini engundoqo:

Oomatshini bokudubula be-refractory basetyenziswa kakhulu kwi:
Ishishini lentsimbi (i-converter, isithando sombane, i-ladle, kunye nokulungiswa kwe-tundish lining), ishishini lesamente (i-rotary kiln, i-preheater, i-grate cooler lining protection), imboni yeglasi (iglasi yodonga lweglasi kunye nokulungiswa kwe-regenerator), ukunyibilikiswa kwesinyithi esingeyoyoni (iseli ye-electrolytic kunye ne-smelting smelting furnacement), i-industry ye-furnace kunye nokuqinisa i-furnace. eziko ukulungiswa komgca).

IV. Zeziphi iingenelo eziphambili zokusebenzisa umatshini wokudubula we-refractory okumgangatho ophezulu kwizicelo zamashishini?

Kwimizi-mveliso yobushushu obuphezulu, ukukhetha i-premiumoomatshini bokutshiza berefractoryinikezela ngexabiso elisebenzayo elinamacala amaninzi xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo ezisemgangathweni okanye iindlela zokwakha eziqhelekileyo. Iinzuzo eziphambili ziquka:

1. Ukomelezwa kobuchule bokwakha kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zexesha.

2. Umgangatho we-lining ophuculweyo kunye nexesha elide lezixhobo zokusebenza.

3. Inkcitho yezinto ezincitshisiweyo kunye notyalo-mali lweendleko ezilawulwayo.

4. Ukuphuculwa kokhuseleko lokusebenza kunye nokunciphisa ukuthembela kumsebenzi wezandla.

V. Indlela yokukhetha umatshini wokudubula ochanekileyo we-refractory?

Ukukhetha umatshini wokudubula ochasayo ofanelekileyo kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni umgangatho wokwakha kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Amashishini kufuneka avavanye le milinganiselo ilandelayo ingundoqo ngokusekwe kwiimfuno zabo ezithile:

1. Chaza Iimeko zeSicelo: Khetha iintlobo zezixhobo ngokwecandelo loshishino, izixhobo zokwakha ezikhethekileyo (umzekelo, uhlobo lwe-kiln, iinkcukacha zeeladi), kunye neemfuno zokwakha (ulwakhiwo olutsha, ulondolozo lwesiqhelo, ulungiso olungxamisekileyo). Umzekelo, ukulungiswa okungxamisekileyo kwiikhilni ezinkulu ezijikelezayo kufuna oomatshini abahamba phambili abanoxinzelelo oluphezulu lokutshiza, ngelixa ukugcinwa kwesiqhelo kwiziko lombane ezincinci kufanelana nemodeli ephathekayo ephathekayo. Ukongeza, qwalasela iimeko zokusingqongileyo ezifana nobushushu kunye nemiqobo yendawo ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kwezixhobo.

2. Ukudibanisa iiPropati zeMpahla eziNgqongileyo: Iindidi zemathiriyeli ezichaseneyo (umgubo owomileyo, umxube omanzi, owenziweyo, udaka) zifuna izakhiwo zesitshizi kunye neeparamitha. Umzekelo, iirefractories zomgubo owomileyo zifuna izitshizi zomgubo owomileyo, ngelixa imixube emanzi ifuna izitshizi ezimanzi. Kwiirefractories ezinamasuntswana amakhulu kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu, khetha iimodeli ezinovulo olukhulu lokutya kunye nesakhono esinamandla soxinzelelo.

3. Gxininisa kwiiParameters eziPhambili: Ukubeka phambili ukuvavanya iiparitha eziphambili ezifana nomthamo wokutshiza (umthamo wezinto eziphathekayo ngexesha leyunithi), uxinzelelo lokutshiza, kunye nomgama wokuhambisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba bahlangabezana nokusebenza kakuhle kunye neemfuno zokugubungela. Umzekelo, ukulungiswa kwemithamo emikhulu kwiindawo zokushishina kwimizi-mveliso kufuna ukuba kubekho oomatshini bokuqhumisa imipu abane-≥5m³/h yomthamo wokutshiza kunye noxinzelelo lokutshiza oluyi-≥0.6MPa; ukulungiswa kwendawo kwisixhobo esincinci kunokusebenzisa iimodeli ezineeparamitha eziphakathi.

4. Ukuvavanya ukulungiswa kwezixhobo: Khetha uhlobo lokuqhuba (i-pneumatic okanye umbane) ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zemveliso. Oomatshini bokudubula i-pneumatic refractory bakhuselekile kwiindawo ezinokutsha / eziqhumayo, ngelixa iimodeli zombane zinika amandla amakhulu kwizicelo eziphezulu. Kwakhona qwalasela iindlela zokushukumiseka (ezilungisiweyo, ezilandelwayo, eziqhutywa ngamavili) ukuqinisekisa ukuziqhelanisa neziza ezahlukeneyo zemisebenzi.

5. Vavanya ubuKhono boMvelisi kunye neNkonzo yasemva koThengiso: Khetha abavelisi abanamava abanzi kwishishini kunye nobuchule obuqinileyo be-R&D ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wezixhobo. Ukongeza, beka phambili abavelisi ababonelela ngenkxaso ebanzi emva kokuthengisa, kubandakanywa ukufakela / ukuthuma, ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzisi, ukubonelela ngenxalenye yokunxiba, kunye neenkonzo zokulungisa iimpazamo ukuthintela ukwehla kwezixhobo ngenxa yenkxaso enganeleyo.

VI. Lithini ixabiso lomatshini wokudubula we-refractory?

Umatshini wokudubula weRefractoryamaxabiso ahluka kakhulu ngokusekelwe kubumbeko kunye neenkcukacha. I-Henan Wode Heavy Industry Co., Ltd. yenza kwaye ithengise imifuziselo eneziphumo ze-3m³/h, 5m³/h, 7m³/h, 9m³/h, okanye ngaphezulu, ixabisa phakathi kwe-$8,000 kunye ne-$26,000 ngeyunithi nganye.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba amashishini akufuneki alandele amaxabiso aphantsi kuphela xa ekhetha izixhobo. Endaweni yoko, kufuneka bavavanye ngokubanzi umgangatho, ukuhambelana, kunye nenkonzo emva kokuthengisa ukukhetha imodeli enikezela ngexabiso elifanelekileyo lemali.

VII. Zeziphi iingxaki ezixhaphakileyo kunye neendlela zokusombulula ingxaki kumatshini odubulayo werefractory?

Ngexesha lokusebenza koomatshini bokudubula abachasayo, izinto ezinje ngeempawu eziphathekayo, iinkqubo zokusebenza, kunye nokunxitywa kwezixhobo kunokukhokelela kukungasebenzi okuchaphazela inkqubela nomgangatho wokwakha. Apha ngezantsi kukho imiba eqhelekileyo, amanyathelo ahambelanayo okusombulula ingxaki, kunye neengcebiso zolondolozo lwemihla ngemihla:

1. I-Fied System Blockage: Eyona nto ingasebenzi kakuhle, ikakhulu ibangelwa:
- Amasuntswana amakhulu ngokugqithisileyo aphikisayo
- Isiqulatho sokufuma esigqithisileyo
- Izinto ezishiyekileyo ezidityanisiweyo kwi-feed inlet okanye imibhobho yokuhambisa
- Ukuqokelelana kwezinto ngenxa yesantya sokutya esigqithisileyo
Ukusombulula ingxaki: Okokuqala, cima umbane wesixhobo. Jonga i-feed inlet kunye nemibhobho ehambisa izithintelo. Isisombululo: Sula izinto ezivaliweyo, i-refractories yesikrini ukuhlangabezana neenkcukacha (ukulawula ubungakanani be-particle kunye nomxholo womswakama), kwaye ulungelelanise izinga lokutya ukuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwezinto ezifanayo.



2. Ukutshiza okungalinganiyo: Kubonakaliswe njengokungahambelani kobunzima bokugquma kunye nokuncamathela okungalunganga. Oonobangela abaphambili babandakanya uxinzelelo lokutshiza olungazinzanga, uhlengahlengiso olungafanelekanga lwe-angle yompu wokutshiza, kunye nokuxubana kwerefractory engalinganiyo. Indlela yokulungisa ingxaki: Qinisekisa ukuzinza koxinzelelo kwinkqubo yoxinzelelo, uhlole umpu wokutshiza uvale okanye unxibe, kwaye ujonge ukuhambelana kokuxuba izinto. Isisombululo: Lungisa iiparamitha zenkqubo yoxinzelelo ukuze uqinisekise uxinzelelo oluzinzileyo, coca okanye utshintshe imipu yokutshiza egugileyo, kwaye uqinisekise ukuxubana kwezinto ezifanayo zokulahla phambi kokutyisa.

3. Uxinzelelo lweSitshizi olunganelanga: Iziphumo kwisantya esicothayo sokutshiza kunye nokuncamathelisa kakubi. Izizathu eziphambili zibandakanya ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yoxinzelelo (umzekelo, ukungonelanga koxinzelelo lwe-pneumatic kwiinkqubo zomoya, ukuvuza kweoli kwiinkqubo ze-hydraulic), ukuvuza komoya okanye ukuvaleka kwimibhobho yokuhambisa, kunye nezitywina ezigugile. Ukuxazulula iingxaki: Jonga uxinzelelo / amaxabiso oxinzelelo lwe-hydraulic kwinkqubo yoxinzelelo; jonga imibhobho yokuhambisa umoya ovuzayo okanye uvaleleke; qinisekisa ukuthembeka kwetywina. Isisombululo: Lungisa inkqubo yoxinzelelo, ugcwalise umoya /uxinzelelo lwehydraulic, ucoce okanye utshintshe imibhobho yokuhambisa, kwaye ubeke izitywina ezigugileyo.

4. Ingxolo yesiXhobo esingaqhelekanga: Izizathu eziphambili zibandakanya ukunxiba kwecandelo lomatshini (umzekelo, ukuthwala okanye ukugqoka iimpahla), uxhulumaniso olukhululekile, kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yoxinzelelo. Ukusombulula ingxaki: Emva kokuvalwa, jonga iinxalenye zoomatshini kunye noqhagamshelo malunga nezinto ezingaqhelekanga.
Isisombululo: Buyisela iindawo ezigugileyo zoomatshini, qinisa uqhagamshelo, kwaye ulungise inkqubo yoxinzelelo.



Iingcebiso zokuLondolozwa kweMihla:
① Emva kokusetyenziswa ngakunye, coca ngokukhawuleza imathiriyeli eshiyekileyo esuka kwinkqubo yokutya, imibhobho yokuhambisa, kunye nompu wokutshiza ukunqanda ukuvaleka kwempahla.
② Hlola rhoqo amacandelo oomatshini, izitywina, imibhobho yokuhambisa, njl., kwaye utshintshe iindawo ezigugileyo ngexesha.
③ Yongeza ioyile yokuthambisa rhoqo njengoko kuchaziwe kwincwadi yesixhobo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwamalungu oomatshini;
④ Landela iinkqubo zokusebenza ezisemgangathweni ukunqanda ukusilela kwezixhobo okubangelwa kukusebenza ngokungafanelekanga;
⑤ Gcina izixhobo kwindawo eyomileyo, enomoya ococekileyo ukuze ugweme umonakalo ovela kumswakama okanye iimeko ezinobungozi.